The Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU Radio Equipment Directive is a European Union regulation established to ensure that electrical and electronic devices using radio waves for communication operate safely, effectively, and without causing harmful interference. The directive aims to ensure the efficient use of the radio spectrum and the coexistence of different devices within the same environment without mutual disruption. In Türkiye, it is implemented under the same framework as the Radio Equipment Regulation, and CE marking is mandatory.
The scope of RED includes all equipment that intentionally transmits and/or receives radio waves, such as mobile phones, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth devices, wireless sensors, remote controls, IoT products, and radio modules. Certain wired communication devices or products that only receive signals without transmitting radio waves may fall outside the scope. The key determining factor is whether the product intentionally uses radio waves for communication.
Uncontrolled radio equipment can lead to interference in communication systems, data loss, disruptions in public communication infrastructure, and indirect safety risks. RED addresses these risks by ensuring that devices meet requirements related to electrical safety, electromagnetic compatibility, and efficient use of the radio spectrum.
Manufacturers or importers are responsible for demonstrating compliance with the essential requirements of the directive. These requirements are grouped under three main aspects: protection of health and safety (aligned with LVD principles), electromagnetic compatibility (aligned with EMC principles), and efficient and non-harmful use of the radio spectrum. Devices are tested in these areas, and the results are compiled within the technical documentation. When harmonized standards are fully applied, a Notified Body is generally not required for most products, and the manufacturer may issue a Declaration of Conformity. In non-standard cases, a Notified Body must be involved in the process. Upon completion, the CE marking is affixed, allowing the product to be placed on the market.
The main harmonized standards associated with RED include the ETSI EN 300 series for radio spectrum requirements, the ETSI EN 301 489 series for electromagnetic compatibility, EN 62311 and EN 62479 for human exposure (EMF/SAR), and EN 62368-1 for electrical safety. These standards define how the technical requirements of RED are to be practically fulfilled.